Principles of Pediatric Anesthesia and Critical Care

CARDIAC3-D Modeling for Cardiac Surgery
David Hoganson, MD

Objectives:
1. Understand approach for creating and utilizing 3D models to plan cardiac surgical and catheter interventions.
2. Recognize utility of intraoperative use of 3D models and surgical guides to effectively conduct an operation.

Williams Syndrome
Morgan Brown, MD PhD My Patient is on Dapagliflozin - Does it Matter?
McKenna Longacre, MD

Objectives:
1. Describe the mechanism and indications for Dapagliflozin Discuss euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis Discuss available evidence in pediatric patients Discuss perioperative management of pediatric patients on dapagliflozin.

Neuromonitoring in Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia
Jennifer Lynch, MD PhD

Objectives:
1. Describe the rationale and goals of neuromonitoring in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.
2. Compare the roles of currently used neuromonitoring techniques in perioperative management of pediatric cardiac patients.
3. Discuss emerging technologies and future directions in neuromonitoring to enhance neurologic outcomes in pediatric cardiac anesthesia.

Anesthetic Considerations in the Progreria Patient
Katherine Zaleski, MD

Objectives:
1. Understand the pathophysiology of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS).
2. Appreciate the anesthesia considerations for the patient with HGPS.
3. Present a case of novel cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass for critical aortic stenosis.

PAINCancer Pain Management in Pediatric Patients
Anjali Koka, MD

Objectives:
1. To explore decision-making around interventional pain techniques for children and adolescents with refractory pain at the end of life.
2. To discuss evidence-based interventions for refractory pain in pediatric patients with cancer and life-limiting conditions.

Pain Management for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Anushree Doshi, MD

Objectives:
1. Review updated guidelines from the American Society of Hematology.
2. Reflect on acute and chronic pain recommendations with recent literature on pharmacologic management.
3. Discuss evidence based non-pharmacologic strategies for sickle cell related pain.

The Role of Regional Anesthesia in Chronic Pain Patients
Maria Alejandra Hernandez, MD

Objectives:
1. Identify risk factors for the development of chronic pain.
2. Identify the mechanisms involved in transitioning from acute to chronic pain and the role of regional anesthesia on the pain pathway.
3. Discuss the importance of a transitional pain clinic.

Pediatric Interventional Pain Management
Pradeep Dinakar, MD MS MBA FAAP

Objectives:
1. Recognize common indications of pediatric interventional pain management.
2. Review evidence based interventional pain techniques - Discuss safety, risks and ethical considerations.
3. Recognize Interventional pain management as part of a multidisciplinary approach to pediatric pain management.
4. Understand the pathophysiology, epidemiology and impact of Pediatric pain.
5. Recognize common indications for Pediatric Interventional pain procedures.
6. Role of interventions as part of a multidisciplinary approach to pediatric pain.

ICUVentilator Strategies in the Premie and Neonate
Philip Levy, MD Evolution of Pediatric CPR
Amanda O'Halloran, MD MSHP FAAP

Objectives:
1. Describe the epidemiology and characteristics of pediatric cardiac arrest.
2. Explain the importance of and how to apply guideline-recommended pediatric cardiac arrest therapies, including contemporary research informing these guidelines.
3. Discuss strategies for patient-oriented physiologic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Last in Line: Ethical Responsibilities of Pediatric Anesthesiologists in Complex Cases
Molly Deacutis, MD

Objectives:
1. Describe common ethical considerations encountered during perioperative care.
2. Discuss the anesthesiologist's role in planning the care of complex patients.
3. Demonstrate application of these considerations to a clinical case.

Neuroprotector of Neuroprognosticator: The Role of Neuromonitoring in Managing Children with Acute Brain Injury
Matthew Kirschen, MD PhD FAAN FNCS

Objectives:
1. Describe the utility of neuromonitoring tools in detecting and preventing brain injury in critically ill children.
2. Understand the role of real-time neuromonitoring data in personalizing clinical care for patients with acute brain injury.
3. Discuss how multimodality neuromonitoring assists in predicting patient outcomes.

What Makes Consent Informed
Barry Kussman, MBBCh, SM, FFA(SA)

Objectives:
1. Appreciate the origin and meaning of informed consent in the United States.
2. Understand autonomy and the principle of respect for autonomy.
3. Lean about the elements of informed consent.
4. Appreciate informed consent in the context of cultural relativism, pediatrics (minors), and the limits of the law.

PERIOPERATIVE/MORCDH Repair and Postoperative Ventilator Strategies
Belinda Dickie, MD PhD; Jill Zalieckas, MD MPH

Objectives:
1. Review prenatal diagnosis and risk stratification of CDH.
2. Importance of establishing coordinated care plan.
3. Review management principles of CDH.
4. Review perioperative considerations that impact morbidity.

Pediatric - Specific ASA Classifications
Lynne Ferrari, MD

Objectives:
After viewing this lecture, the viewer will be able to assign the ASA Physical Status classification for pediatric patient using the new Pediatric Specific ASA Physical Status Classification.

Lessons from the Margins: How Neuro-diverse and Gender-diverse Perspectives Improve Perioperative Care for all Children
Julia Galvez Delgado, MD, MBI Environmental Sustainability in Anesthesia
Prabhakar Devavaram, MBBS

Objectives:
Understand the fundamentals of climate change and healthcare's contribution to global emissions. Identify anesthesia-related greenhouse gases and effective strategies for mitigation. Explore methods for tracking and evaluating efforts to reduce anesthesia-related GHG emissions.

Pediatric Difficult Intubations - What Do We Know and Where Are We Headed?
Mary Lyn Stein, MD

Objectives:
1. Review current literature and guidelines on pediatric airway management.
2. Describe how we've used the PeDI Registry to answer questions, change practice, and improve outcomes.
3. Discuss implications for our practice.

POCUSUltrasound Guided Vascular Access
Nickolas Julian, MD

Objectives:
1. Use the ultrasound for intentional placement.
2. Optimize ergonomics and body mechanics.
3. Understand how to optimize ultrasound features for successful placement.

Ultrasound Fundamentals
Jason Stoller, MD

Objectives:
Understand the basics of ultrasound physics Describe how to optimize ultrasound image quality using settings such as depth and gain Demonstrate proper alignment of screen and probe indicators

Basic Cardiac Views
Garrett Keim, MD; Samuel Rosenblatt, MD

Objectives:
1. List the basic cardiac views obtained in hemodynamic assessments using POCUS
2. Understand how to acquire the basic cardiac views
3. Describe how to use the basic cardiac views to assess cardiac function and presence of pericardial effusions

Lung Ultrasound
Adam Himebauch, MD

Objectives:
1. Identify ultrasound artifacts in normal and abnormal lungs.
2. State ultrasound findings that differentiate pleural effusions and consolidated lungs.
3. State ultrasound findings to evaluate for a pneumothorax.
4. Discuss diagnostic and procedural applications of thoracic ultrasound as well as discuss examples of specific disease processes.

Neuraxial Ultrasound
Vanessa Mazandi, MD

Objectives:
1. Review literature literature looking at data related to ultrasound use in neuraxial anesthesia.
2. Discuss ways to incorporate ultrasound into neuraxial anesthesia practice.
3. Learn relevant anatomy on ultrasound for neuraxial anesthesia procedures.

Airway Ultrasound
Rodrigo Daly-Guris, MBBS, MSc Gastric Ultrasound
Elaina Lin, MD

Objectives:
1. Identify gastric antrum and surrounding structures on gastric ultrasound.
2. Determine if the stomach is empty, or contains clear liquids, or solids.
3. Discuss how gastric ultrasound can help change your clinical management.

FAST/FAFF
Aaron Chen, MD

Objectives:
1. Describe the standard four views that make up a pediatric FAST/FAFF exam.
2. Describe the limitations of the pediatric FAST exam, as it pertains to the workup of children with blunt abdominal trauma.

Pulmonary HTN and RV Assessment
Asif Padiyath, MBBS

Objectives:
1. Introduce methods of RV functional assessment using bedside ultrasound.
2. Identify limitations to quantitative RV functional assessment.
3. Discuss key features of pulmonary hypertension in bedside ultrasound.
4. Review scanning techniques for PDA.

Assessment of Shock and Hypotension
Thomas Conlon, MD

Objectives:
1. Discuss how ultrasound helps us identify pathophysiology and etiology in undifferentiated shock.
2. Apply a protocolized approach to ultrasound assessment of hemodynamics.
3. Identify strengths and limitations of hemodynamic assessment using ultrasound.

Emergency Medicine Procedural Guidance (Paracentesis/Joints/Abscess/Bones)
Mary Kate Claiborne, MD; Michael McWay, MD

Thursday, May 1, 2025
PRECONFERENCE OPTIONAL WORKSHOPS
8:00 AM – 5:00 PM	Pediatric Patient Blood Management Masterclass Director: Susan Goobie, MD, FRCPC Melissa Cushing, MD; Patricia Davenport, MD; David Faraoni, MD, PhD; Thorsten Haas, MD; McKenna Longacre, MD; John Manis, MD; Jue Wang, MD Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
4:00 PM – 6:00 PM	Thriving in Difficult Times: Coaching for Life Balance and Wellbeing Director: Bistra Vlassakova, MD Location: Room 217

Friday, May 2, 2025
7:30 AM – 5:45 PM	REGISTRATION Location: 3rd Floor Lobby
7:30 AM – 8:00 AM	BREAKFAST Location: 3rd Floor Lobby
GENERAL SESSION
8:00 AM – 8:15 AM	Welcome Address Joseph Cravero, MD; John Fiadjoe, MD Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
8:15 AM – 9:15 AM	ERAS Protocols: a Multidisciplinary Endeavor of Creating and Implementing Change Moderator: Sabeena Chacko, MD Walid Alrayashi, MD; Nelson Aquino, DNP, MS, CRNA, FAANA; Doug Atkinson, MD; Richard Lee, MD; Wallis Muhly, MD Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
9:15 AM – 10:00 AM	Question and Answer Panel Discussion
10:00 AM – 10:15 AM	MORNING BREAK WITH EXHIBITORS Location: 3rd Floor Hall
10:15 AM – 11:15 AM	KEYNOTE LECTURE A Critical Look at Artificial Intelligence and Anesthesia Practice Moderator: Julia Galvez Delgado, MD, MBI Clyde Matava, MBChB, DA, Mmed Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
11:15 AM – 11:30 AM	Question and Answer Panel Discussion Live Streamed
11:30 AM – 11:45 AM	BREAK WITH EXHIBITORS (Grab a lunch) Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
11:45 AM – 12:30 PM	LUNCH AND LEARN SESSION Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Live Streamed Walid Alrayashi, MD
12:30 PM – 12:45 PM	BREAK (move to first floor workshop)
12:20 PM – 2:35 PM	Pediatric Point-of-Care Ultrasound Workshop Moderator: Elaina Lin, MD Aaron Chen, MD; William Corder, MD; Rodrigo Daly-Guris, MBBS, MSc; John Hagen, MD, MBA, FAAP, FASA; Nickolas Julian, MD; David Kantor, MD, PhD; Garrett Keim, MD; Vanessa Mazandi, MD; Michael McWay, MD; Elizabeth O'Brien, MD; Asif Padiyath, MBBS; Samuel Rosenblatt, MD; Aaron Spicer, MD, MAS; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: Identify an abscess on ultrasound and technique for incision and drainage. Assess the hip and knee for effusion and approach to aspiration. Understand how ultrasound improves success and decreases risk of performing paracentesis, thoracentesis, and pericadiocentesis. Demonstrate knowledge of the different types of probes used in point-of-care ultrasound and indications for their use. Demonstrate ability to obtain a point-of-care ultrasound image for different indications by adjusting choosing the appropriate probe, adjusting depth and gain, with correct use of doppler as needed. Describe various artifacts such as posterior acoustic enhancement, posterior acoustic shadowing, and contact artifact and how they are created. Location: Pechet, 1st Floor
12:45 PM – 2:45 PM	Pediatric Regional Workshop Director: Walid Alrayashi, MD Elizabeth Eastburn, DO; Susan Eklund, MD; Carine Foz, MD; John Hagen, MD, MBA, FAAP, FASA; Deepa Kattail, MD, MHS, FAAP; Stephen Kelleher, MD; Wallis Muhly, MD; Elizabeth O'Brien, MD; Cynthia Tung, MD MPH Location: Pechet, 1st Floor
2:45 PM – 3:00 PM	AFTERNOON BREAK WITH EXHIBITORS Location: 3rd Floor Hall
3:00 PM – 5:30 PM	Pediatric Regional Workshop (cont'd) Elizabeth Eastburn, DO; Susan Eklund, MD; Carine Foz, MD; John Hagen, MD, MBA, FAAP, FASA; Deepa Kattail, MD, MHS, FAAP; Wallis Muhly, MD; Elizabeth O'Brien, MD; Cynthia Tung, MD MPH Location: Pechet, 1st Floor
POSTER SESSION AND WELCOME RECEPTION
5:45 PM	Shuttle to Poster Session and Welcome Reception Location: Joseph B. Martin Conference Center Lobby
6:30 PM – 7:30 PM	POSTER SESSION Moderator: Dusica Bajic, MD, PhD; Del Lamb, MD; Wallis Muhly, MD; Gwen Owens, MD, PhD Location: View Boston, Prudential Center
7:30 PM – 9:30 PM	WELCOME RECEPTION An opportunity to network with colleagues and faculty, featuring complimentary drinks and refreshments. Location: View Boston, Prudential Center

Saturday, May 3, 2025
7:30 AM – 5:00 PM	REGISTRATION Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
7:30 AM – 8:00 AM	CONTINENTAL BREAKFAST Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
GENERAL SESSION
8:00 AM – 9:30 AM	Collaborative Efforts to Ensure Safe Surgical and Anesthesia Care for Children in LMICs Live Streamed Faye Evans, MD; Zipporah Gathuya, MD; Rebecca Gray, MBChB, DA, FCA; Monica Langer, MD, MS; Mary Nabukenya, MBChB; Mark Newton, MD Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
9:30 AM – 10:15 AM	Question and Answer Panel Discussion Live Streamed
10:15 AM – 11:00 AM	Anesthesia in Space Live Streamed Gwen Owens, MD, PhD Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
11:00 AM – 11:15 AM	BREAK WITH EXHIBITORS (Grab lunch) Location: 3rd Floor Hall
11:15 AM – 12:00 PM	LUNCH AND LEARN SESSION Pediatric Point-of-Care Ultrasound Elaina Lin, MD; Daniel Gainyard Objectives: Provide an overview of how cardiac POCUS can be used to evaluate cardiac function and volume. Discuss lung POCUS for assessment of pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and interstitial disease. Demonstrate how gastric ultrasound can be used to assess aspiration risk. Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
12:00 PM – 12:20 PM	BREAK (move to first floor workshop)
2:35 PM – 2:50 PM	AFTERNOON BREAK WITH EXHIBITORS Location: 3rd Floor Hall
2:50 PM – 5:05 PM	Pediatric Point-of-Care Ultrasound Workshop (cont'd) Aaron Chen, MD; William Corder, MD; Rodrigo Daly-Guris, MBBS, MSc; John Hagen, MD, MBA, FAAP, FASA; Nickolas Julian, MD; David Kantor, MD, PhD; Garrett Keim, MD; Vanessa Mazandi, MD; Michael McWay, MD; Elizabeth O'Brien, MD; Asif Padiyath, MBBS; Samuel Rosenblatt, MD; Aaron Spicer, MD, MAS; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: 1. Identify an abscess on ultrasound and technique for incision and drainage. 2. Assess the hip and knee for effusion and approach to aspiration. 3. Understand how ultrasound improves success and decreases risk of performing paracentesis, thoracentesis, and pericadiocentesis. 4. Demonstrate knowledge of the different types of probes used in point-of-care ultrasound and indications for their use. 5. Demonstrate ability to obtain a point-of-care ultrasound image for different indications by adjusting choosing the appropriate probe, adjusting depth and gain, with correct use of doppler as needed. 6. Describe various artifacts such as posterior acoustic enhancement, posterior acoustic shadowing, and contact artifact and how they are created. Location: Pechet, 1st Floor

Sunday, May 4, 2025
7:30 AM – 11:00 AM	REGISTRATION Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
7:30 AM – 8:00 AM	CONTINENTAL BREAKFAST Location: Rotunda, 3rd Floor
CASE-BASED LEARNING WORKSHOPS - GROUP A Attendees will rotate through the workshops, spending 30 minutes with each topic.
8:00 AM – 8:30 AM	The Difficult Pediatric Airway - Tables 1 and 2 Stephen Flynn, MD; Pete Kovatsis, MD; Clyde Matava, MBChB, DA, Mmed; Mary Lyn Stein, MD
8:00 AM – 8:30 AM	Pediatric Blood Management and Transfusion Protocols - Tables 3 and 4 David Faraoni, MD, PhD; Susan Goobie, MD, FRCPC; McKenna Longacre, MD; Olivia Nelson, MD
8:00 AM – 8:30 AM	The Challenging Add-On Case - Tables 5 and 6 Nelson Aquino, DNP, MS, CRNA, FAANA; James Bradley, MD, MPH, FASA; Cathleen Casillo, CRNA; Annastacia Woytash, DO Objectives: 1. Discuss the resources and teams required to safely manage specific scenarios. 2. Discuss strategies to rapidly identify key elements of the patient's medical history and their impact on anesthetic management. 3. Discuss methods to prioritize creating a safe anesthetic plan during an urgent add-on case. 4. Discuss resources and team members required for specific types of add-on cases.
8:00 AM – 8:30 AM	Pacemaker Review - Tables 7 and 8 Dima Daaboul, MD; Molly Deacutis, MD; Maryam Naim, MD, MSCE; Kan Zhang, MD
8:00 AM – 8:30 AM	Challenging Neonatal Airway: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - Tables 9 and 10 Shawn Jackson, MD, PhD; Philip Levy, MD; Andrew Renuart, MD MSc; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: 1. Discuss the different phenotypes for preterm pulmonary disease throughout the initial hospital course. 2. Review appropriate ventilator management strategies for each preterm pulmonary disease state. 3. Identify how the phenotypes of preterm pulmonary diseases guide the therapy within each disease states.
CASE-BASED LEARNING WORKSHOPS - GROUP B Attendees will rotate through the workshops, spending 30 minutes with each topic.
8:30 AM – 9:00 AM	The Difficult Pediatric Airway - Tables 1 and 2 Stephen Flynn, MD; Pete Kovatsis, MD; Clyde Matava, MBChB, DA, Mmed; Mary Lyn Stein, MD
8:30 AM – 9:00 AM	Pediatric Blood Management and Transfusion Protocols - Tables 3 and 4 David Faraoni, MD, PhD; Susan Goobie, MD, FRCPC; McKenna Longacre, MD; Olivia Nelson, MD
8:30 AM – 9:00 AM	The Challenging Add-On Case - Tables 5 and 6 Nelson Aquino, DNP, MS, CRNA, FAANA; James Bradley, MD, MPH, FASA; Cathleen Casillo, CRNA; Annastacia Woytash, DO Objectives: 1. Discuss the resources and teams required to safely manage specific scenarios. 2. Discuss strategies to rapidly identify key elements of the patient's medical history and their impact on anesthetic management. 3. Discuss methods to prioritize creating a safe anesthetic plan during an urgent add-on case. 4. Discuss resources and team members required for specific types of add-on cases.
8:30 AM – 9:00 AM	Pacemaker Review - Tables 7 and 8 Dima Daaboul, MD; Molly Deacutis, MD; Maryam Naim, MD, MSCE; Kan Zhang, MD
8:30 AM – 9:00 AM	Challenging Neonatal Airway: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - Tables 9 and 10 Shawn Jackson, MD, PhD; Philip Levy, MD; Andrew Renuart, MD MSc; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: 1. Discuss the different phenotypes for preterm pulmonary disease throughout the initial hospital course. 2. Review appropriate ventilator management strategies for each preterm pulmonary disease state. 3. Identify how the phenotypes of preterm pulmonary diseases guide the therapy within each disease states.
9:00 AM – 9:15 AM	COFFEE BREAK
CASE-BASED LEARNING WORKSHOPS - GROUP C Attendees will rotate through the workshops, spending 30 minutes with each topic.
9:15 AM – 9:45 AM	The Difficult Pediatric Airway - Tables 1 and 2 Stephen Flynn, MD; Pete Kovatsis, MD; Clyde Matava, MBChB, DA, Mmed; Mary Lyn Stein, MD
9:15 AM – 9:45 AM	Pediatric Blood Management and Transfusion Protocols - Tables 3 and 4 David Faraoni, MD, PhD; Susan Goobie, MD, FRCPC; McKenna Longacre, MD; Olivia Nelson, MD
9:15 AM – 9:45 AM	The Challenging Add-On Case - Tables 5 and 6 Nelson Aquino, DNP, MS, CRNA, FAANA; James Bradley, MD, MPH, FASA; Cathleen Casillo, CRNA; Annastacia Woytash, DO Objectives: 1. Discuss the resources and teams required to safely manage specific scenarios. 2. Discuss strategies to rapidly identify key elements of the patient's medical history and their impact on anesthetic management. 3. Discuss methods to prioritize creating a safe anesthetic plan during an urgent add-on case. 4. Discuss resources and team members required for specific types of add-on cases.
9:15 AM – 9:45 AM	Pacemaker Review - Tables 7 and 8 Dima Daaboul, MD; Molly Deacutis, MD; Maryam Naim, MD, MSCE; Kan Zhang, MD
9:15 AM – 9:45 AM	Challenging Neonatal Airway: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - Tables 9 and 10 Shawn Jackson, MD, PhD; Philip Levy, MD; Andrew Renuart, MD MSc; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: 1. Discuss the different phenotypes for preterm pulmonary disease throughout the initial hospital course. 2. Review appropriate ventilator management strategies for each preterm pulmonary disease state. 3. Identify how the phenotypes of preterm pulmonary diseases guide the therapy within each disease states.
CASE-BASED LEARNING WORKSHOPS - GROUP D Attendees will rotate through the workshops, spending 30 minutes with each topic
9:45 AM – 10:15 AM	The Difficult Pediatric Airway - Tables 1 and 2 Stephen Flynn, MD; Pete Kovatsis, MD; Clyde Matava, MBChB, DA, Mmed; Mary Lyn Stein, MD
9:45 AM – 10:15 AM	Pediatric Blood Management and Transfusion Protocols - Tables 3 and 4 David Faraoni, MD, PhD; Susan Goobie, MD, FRCPC; McKenna Longacre, MD; Olivia Nelson, MD
9:45 AM – 10:15 AM	The Challenging Add-On Case - Tables 5 and 6 Nelson Aquino, DNP, MS, CRNA, FAANA; James Bradley, MD, MPH, FASA; Cathleen Casillo, CRNA; Annastacia Woytash, DO Objectives: 1. Discuss the resources and teams required to safely manage specific scenarios. 2. Discuss strategies to rapidly identify key elements of the patient's medical history and their impact on anesthetic management. 3. Discuss methods to prioritize creating a safe anesthetic plan during an urgent add-on case. 4. Discuss resources and team members required for specific types of add-on cases.
9:45 AM – 10:15 AM	Pacemaker Review - Tables 7 and 8 Dima Daaboul, MD; Maryam Naim, MD, MSCE; Kan Zhang, MD
9:45 AM – 10:15 AM	Challenging Neonatal Airway: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - Tables 9 and 10 Shawn Jackson, MD, PhD; Philip Levy, MD; Andrew Renuart, MD MSc; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: 1. Discuss the different phenotypes for preterm pulmonary disease throughout the initial hospital course. 2. Review appropriate ventilator management strategies for each preterm pulmonary disease state. 3. Identify how the phenotypes of preterm pulmonary diseases guide the therapy within each disease states.
10:15 AM – 10:30 AM	COFFEE BREAK
CASE-BASED LEARNING WORKSHOPS - GROUP E Attendees will rotate through the workshops, spending 30 minutes with each topic
10:30 AM – 11:00 AM	The Difficult Pediatric Airway - Tables 1 and 2 Stephen Flynn, MD; Pete Kovatsis, MD; Clyde Matava, MBChB, DA, Mmed; Mary Lyn Stein, MD
10:30 AM – 11:00 AM	Pediatric Blood Management and Transfusion Protocols - Tables 3 and 4 David Faraoni, MD, PhD; Susan Goobie, MD, FRCPC; McKenna Longacre, MD; Olivia Nelson, MD
10:30 AM – 11:00 AM	The Challenging Add-On Case - Tables 5 and 6 Nelson Aquino, DNP, MS, CRNA, FAANA; James Bradley, MD, MPH, FASA; Cathleen Casillo, CRNA; Annastacia Woytash, DO Objectives: 1. Discuss the resources and teams required to safely manage specific scenarios. 2. Discuss strategies to rapidly identify key elements of the patient's medical history and their impact on anesthetic management. 3. Discuss methods to prioritize creating a safe anesthetic plan during an urgent add-on case. 4. Discuss resources and team members required for specific types of add-on cases.
10:30 AM – 11:00 AM	Pacemaker Review - Tables 7 and 8 Dima Daaboul, MD; Molly Deacutis, MD; Maryam Naim, MD, MSCE; Kan Zhang, MD
10:30 AM – 11:00 AM	Challenging Neonatal Airway: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - Tables 9 and 10 Shawn Jackson, MD, PhD; Philip Levy, MD; Andrew Renuart, MD MSc; Jason Stoller, MD Objectives: 1. Discuss the different phenotypes for preterm pulmonary disease throughout the initial hospital course. 2. Review appropriate ventilator management strategies for each preterm pulmonary disease state. 3. Identify how the phenotypes of preterm pulmonary diseases guide the therapy within each disease states.
11:00 AM	Live Session Adjourn